Below is how to train your dog.
Step 1[]
Find a wild wolf (just any old Vanilla Minecraft wolf), which can be found in forests.
Alternatively, you can automatically spawn a tamed dog by using the "Doggy Charm" item that comes automatically in your inventory bar when you start a game with this mod installed (as of version 2.2.3[1] in April 2020, sometimes this might not work for reasons we'll look into).
Step 2[]
First, take out the bone and tame the dog.
Step 3[]
Feed the dog at least one Training Treat! You will now be able to right click on your dog with a vanilla Minecraft stick to open the training menu!
Now click the "+" sign for the talent you want your doggy to have. Talents cost points, and the higher the level a talent is, the more points it will require to reach the next level. Mastering a talent requires it be at level 5. There are many different talents, and they each have different effects when upgrading them to certain levels. Your dog earns points by being fed more training treats, but you'll need to craft better treats as your dog levels up. As long as the treat you're feeding your dog with is effective in their level range, they will "level up" and gain more health and points to spend.
And that's all. Spend your points wisely!